三、词语的遗漏
（一）冠词的遗漏
1．定冠词的遗漏
错句1
Trump administration has difficulty dealing with the growing dissatisfaction of the people.
The Trump administration has difficulty dealing with the growing dissatisfaction of the people.
特朗普政府穷于应付人民越来越不满的情绪。
解析 正确句子中的定冠词表示特指。
类例
Most of workers here have decided to resign.
Most of the workers here have decided to resign.
这里的大部分工人已经决定辞职。
They covered market in sportswear.
They covered the market in sportswear.
他们垄断了运动装市场。
German people are industrious.
The German people are industrious.
德国人民是勤劳的。
错句2
Smith brothers were two honest businessmen.
The Smith brothers were two honest businessmen.
史密斯兄弟俩是诚实的生意人。
解析 正确句子中的定冠词用于专有名词前。
错句3
He was a dedicated American social worker of early twentieth century.
He was a dedicated American social worker of the early twentieth century.
他是20世纪早期的一位富于献身精神的美国社会工作者。
解析 正确句子中的定冠词用于序数词前。
错句4
Marble has been used for decorative work in buildings from very earliest ages.
Marble has been used for decorative work in buildings from the very earliest ages.
大理石从最早的年代就一直用作建筑装饰。
解析 正确句子中的定冠词用于形容词最高级前。
错句5
Is it the general will of people to reform the tax system?
Is it the general will of the people to reform the tax system?
改革税收体制是人民的普遍意愿吗？
解析 people作“人们”解时前面用零冠词；如正确句子所示，作“人民”解时须用定冠词。
错句6
Girls usually mature faster than boys of same age.
Girls usually mature faster than boys of the same age.
女孩通常比同龄男孩成熟得快。
解析 正确句子中的定冠词用于形容词same前。
错句7
He showed great courage in face of danger.
He showed great courage in the face of danger.
在困难面前他表现出极大的勇气。
解析 如正确句子in the face of(在……面前，不顾)所示，定冠词用于一些习语中。
类例
Her new house is certainly out of ordinary.
Her new house is certainly out of the ordinary.
她的新居真是不同凡响。
The date of the wedding is still up in air.
The date of the wedding is still up in the air.
婚礼的日期仍未确定。
Most political decisions are made behind scenes.
Most political decisions are made behind the scenes.
大多数政治决定是秘密地做出的。
Talking about bringing up children in abstract isn't enough.
Talking about bringing up children in the abstract isn't enough.
抽象地谈论养育孩子是不够的。
I don't know where Mike is this week; he's always on move.
I don't know where Mike is this week; he's always on the move.
我不知道迈克本周在哪里，他老是在换地方。
※另见第一章(词语的误用)：冠词的误用—定冠词误作零冠词
2．不定冠词的遗漏
错句8
Is it plant or animal?
Is it a plant or an animal?
它是植物还是动物？
解析 正确句子中的不定冠词表示类别。
类例
Don't forget to take raincoat lest it should rain.
Don't forget to take a raincoat lest it should rain.
别忘了带雨衣，以防下雨。
Mother gave me an apple and pear.
Mother gave me an apple and a pear.
妈妈给了我一个苹果和一个梨。
I don't have English name.
I don't have an English name.
我没有英语名字。
错句9
My next door neighbor Mike had rather strong opinion on the show last night.
My next door neighbor Mike had a rather strong opinion on the show last night.
我的隔壁邻居迈克对昨晚演出的评价很有说服力。
解析 正确句子中的不定冠词表示“某一”。
类例
He was sent away to school at early age.
He was sent away to school at an early age.
他很小就被送去上学。
错句10
He had only half glass of milk and went away in a hurry.
He had only half a glass of milk and went away in a hurry.
他只喝了半杯奶就匆匆离开了。
解析 正确句子中的不定冠词表示“一”。
错句11
It was kind of a shock to discover that the fault was solely mine.
It was a kind of a shock to discover that the fault was solely mine.
发现完全是我的错，这有点儿令人震惊。
解析 如正确句子a kind of(某种，几分)所示，不定冠词用于一些习语中。
类例
He always takes active part in school activities.
He always takes an active part in school activities.
他总是积极参加学校的活动。
No sugar in my coffee, please; I'm on diet.
No sugar in my coffee, please; I'm on a diet.
请别在我的咖啡里放糖。我在节食。
To certain extent you are correct.
To a certain extent you are correct.
你在一定程度上是正确的。
We bought the cottage with view to moving there when we retired.
We bought the cottage with a view to moving there when we retired.
我们买下了那个别墅，以便我们退休后搬过去。
The police are at loss for an explanation of the affair.
The police are at a loss for an explanation of the affair.
警方不知如何解释这一事件。
※另见第一章(词语的误用)：不定冠词误作零冠词