Unit 3

一、词汇短语

Text I

1．stroke [strEuk] n. a） an unexpected piece （of luck）好运气：By a stroke of good fortune, he won the competition.靠着好运气，他赢得了竞赛。b） a sudden illness in part of the brain which damages it and can cause loss of the ability to move some parts of the body中风：The stroke left him paralyzed on one side of the body.他因患中风而半身不遂。搭配a stroke of genius意为“神来之笔”。

2．helicopter [5helikCptE] n. a type of aircrafts which can land in a small space and take off without running over the ground直升机：The helicopter hovered over the house.直升机在房屋上方盘旋。

3．collide [kE5laid] v. a） to hit each other accidentally相撞，碰撞：The two ships collided with each other in the fog.这两艘船在迷雾中相撞。b） disagree, have discord不一致，冲突，抵触：The brothers’ political views often collide.这对兄弟的政治观点常有冲突。

4．instantly [5instEntli] adv. immediately, at once立即，马上：The disloyal thought was instantly suppressed.这个不忠的念头顷刻间被打住了。

5．wreckage [5rekidV] n. the remains of something that is destroyed（坠毁物的）残骸，碎片：The injured driver was saved from the wreckage of his car.受伤的司机从汽车残骸中被救出。其形容词形式为：wrecked失事的，残破的

6．stare [steE(r)] v. to look at steadily for a long time凝视，瞪着：The child stared at the stranger up and down.小孩上下打量着这个陌生人。 You have no time to stare at yourself.你没时间再仔细端详自己了。

7．spinal [5psainl] adj. of or for the spine脊椎的：After three days in Japan, the spinal column becomes extraordinarily flexible.在日本待了三天之后脊柱变的异常灵活了。

8．psychiatrist [saI5kaIEtrIst] n. a doctor trained in the treatment of diseases of the mind精神病专家，精神病医生：If you don’t have time to consult a psychiatrist each week, don’t fret.如果你没有时间每周都去咨询心理医生，不要烦恼。

9．intuition [7intju(:)5iFEn] n. the power of knowing something without reasoning直觉：He had an intuition that something was wrong.他的直觉认为有些事情出错了。

10．fatal [5feitl] adj. a） very dangerous, causing death致命的：A benign tumor will not cause you any fatal harm.良性肿瘤不会对你造成任何致命的伤害。b） decisive, of great importance重大的，决定性的：Sure, it can protect us from fatal errors, but scolding is not the same thing as protecting.当然，这能使我们避免犯严重的错误，但责备不等同于保护。

11．depressed [di5prest] adj. a） （of one’s mood） sad or gloomy精神不振的，忧伤的：He was really depressed about the business last week, and he has all smile now; a big order has just come in.他上周还在为了生意的事情愁眉不展，现在就眉开眼笑的了，因为一个大订单来了。

12．suicidal [sjui5saidl] adj. a） with a tendency to commit suicide有自杀倾向的：There is medical evidence that he is suicidal and clinically depressed.医学证据表明他有自杀倾向而且临床诊断为抑郁症。b） may cause the action of suicide可能导致自杀的：He became very depressed and even got suicidal at one point.他非常抑郁，甚至一度想自杀。

13．fascism [5fAFIz(E)m] n. 法西斯主义：Fascism had lawlessly overthrown the democratic government.法西斯非法推翻了民主政府。

14．fluent [5flu(:)Ent] adj. able to speak smoothly and easily（说话，写作等）流畅的，熟练的：He is fluent in five languages.他能流利地说五种语言。He went on with his fluent explanation.他继续滔滔不绝地讲起来。

15．subtitle [5sQbtaitl] n. a） （in a film or on television） text of dialogue translated into a foreign language and shown at the bottom of the screen影视剧字幕：I saw Waterloo Bridge last night on HBO channel; it is in English, with Chinese subtitle.我昨晚在HBO频道看了《魂断蓝桥》，电影是英文的，字幕是中文的。b） a secondary title subjected to the main title副标题，小标题：I’d call your attention especially to the subtitle: Science as a candle in the dark.我想特别提醒您注意副标题：科学，照亮黑暗的蜡烛。

16．assistant [E`sIstEnt] n. a person who is employed to help someone do his job助理，助教：At the beginning, she served as the assistant of executive manager in the company.一开始，她在公司担任行政部经理助理。

17．striking [5straikiN] adj. a） very attractive or impressive吸引人的，引人注目的：She is a very striking young women.她是位很吸引人的年轻女性。b） noticeable and remarkable显著的，突出的：The most striking feature of this graph is lack of disagreement.这幅图最明显的特征是缺乏一致性。

18．miffed [mifd] adj. slightly angry有些生气的，有点恼火的：I was a bit miffed when they did not invite me to the party.他们没有邀请我去参加聚会，我有些生气。

19．temporary [5tempErEri] adj. lasting only for a limited period of time暂时的，临时的，短时间的：They just reached a temporary agreement.他们只达成了临时协议。

20．eventually [I5ventjJElI] adv. at last, in the end最终，最后：He hated his step father and eventually run away from home.他厌恶他的继父，最终从家里逃了出来。

21．poignant [5pCinEnt] adj. keen or strong in mental appeal强烈的，深刻的，令人心碎的：The imagined grief was so poignant that she burst into tears.这种想象的悲恸是如此强烈，她泪如泉涌了。

22．slip [slip] v. a） to leave secretly溜走：Unable to handle this matter properly, he decided the best thing to do was to slip away.不能正确地处理这个问题，他决定最好的方法就是溜走。b） get rid of, escape from挣脱，逃脱：The dog slipped its collar and run away.狗挣脱了项圈，逃走了。

23．ego [5i:^EJ] n. a） the self, especially as distinct from the world and other selves自我：We can’t transcend the limitation of ego.我们不能超越自我的限制。b） self-importance自负：She has been on an ego trip since she sang on television.自从她在电视台唱过歌后就一直自吹自擂。

24．console [kEn5sEul] v. to give comfort to （someone） in times of sadness安慰，慰问：He consoled himself with the thought that at least no one else had been involved in the accident.他这样安慰自己：至少没有其他人卷入这场事故中。

25．anguish [5AN^wiF] n. very great pain and suffering, esp. of the mind（尤指心理上的）极度的痛苦，剧痛：The proud Ann took care to conceal her anguish she endured.骄傲的安小心地掩饰 自己内心的痛苦。

26．diagnostic [7daiE^5nCstik] adj. of or for diagnosing诊断的：These features serve to decrease the diagnostic suspicion.这些特征降低了诊断的警惕性。

27．surgery [5sE:dVEri] n. a） the performing of medical operations, usu. including the cutting open of the skin外科手术：Surgery and radiotherapy must be combined.手术和放射治疗必须结合起来。b） the time to receive outpatient service门诊时间：Surgery lasts from 9 a.m. to 10 a.m.门诊时间从上午九点到十点。

28．malignant [mE5li^nEnt] adj. a） （of a disease） serious enough to cause death of not prevented恶性的（肿瘤等）：The cancer is a kind of malignant tumor.癌症是一种恶性肿瘤。b） hostile, with an intention to hurt somebody恶意的，想伤害他人的：He started to his feet and cast me a malignant glance.他爬起来，不坏好意地瞪了我一眼。

29．authorize [5C:WEraIz] v. to give permission for授权，批准，委托：The government authorize an irrigation project.政府批准了一项灌溉工程。

30．deplorable [di5plC:rEbl] adj. very regrettable可叹的，可悲的：It is deplorable that anyone should come between child and parents.任何让想离间父母和孩子都是可悲的。

31．beneficiary [beni5fiFEri] n. the receiver of a benefit受益人，受惠人：People on high incomes will be the main beneficiaries of these changes in the tax laws.高收入群体将会是这次税法变更的主要受益者。

32．slur [slE:] v. to pronounce unclearly含糊不清地说话：Many people slur these things.许多人把这类事说的很含糊。You can tell from his slurred speech that he was drunk.你从他含糊不清的话语中就会明白他醉了。 n. stain or smear玷污，侮辱：He took the remarks as a slur to his reputation.他认为这些言论有损他的声誉。搭配cast a slur on sb意为“侮辱某人”。

33．therapist [5WerEpIst] n. a specialist in a particular branch of therapy治疗专家：I think she is too judgmental to be a good therapist.我认为她太主观，不会成为一个好的临床医学家。

34．endure [in5djuE] v. to bear忍受，容忍：I cannot endure her rudeness any longer.我再也忍受不了他的粗鲁了。名词形式为：endurance忍耐力，耐久力：She reached the end of her endurance.她达到了忍耐的极限。

35．epiphany [i5pifEni] n. a comprehension or perception of reality by means of a sudden intuitive realization对事物真谛的顿悟：I experienced an epiphany, a spiritual flash that could change the way I view myself.我经历了对事物真谛的顿悟，那是精神的灵光，它将改变我对事物的看法。

36．inspire [in5spaiE] v. to influence, to give a sudden good idea赋予某人灵感，启迪：You inspired me by playing the piano so beautifully.你弹奏的优美的钢琴曲激发了我的灵感。

Text II

1．dictate [dik5teit] v. a） to say or read aloud to be recorded or written by another口述，听写：It took him a long time to dictate this letter.口述这封信花了他很长时间。b） to tell someone exactly what they must do or how they must behave支配，摆布，决定：The media cannot be allowed to dictate to the government.媒体不允许支配政府。dictate to sb.对某人口述，对某人发号施令，名词形式为：dictate命令，指挥，要求，原则：He obeyed the dictates of his conscience.她凭良心做事。

2．prod [prCd] v. a） to encourage someone to take action, especially when they are being slow or unwilling刺激，催促：The strike may prod the government into action.罢工可能会刺激政府采取行动。b） to quickly push something or someone with your finger or a pointed object（用手指或尖物）捅，戳：He prodded at the plate of fish with his fork.他拿叉子戳弄着那盘鱼。搭配prod sb. into doing sth.意为“刺激/激励某人做某事”。

3．mumble [5mQmbl] v. to utter indistinctly by lowing the voice or partially closing the mouth喃喃而语，咕哝：He mumbled something to me, but I couldn’t hear what he said.他对我咕哝了几句，可我没听清他说的什么。

4．nag [nA^] v. a） to annoy by constant scolding, complaining or urging不断地唠叨，抱怨：He keeps nagging at me to get more exercise.他没完没了地叫我多做运动。b） to constantly annoy or disrupt someone不断烦扰，使困扰：The suspicion that she was lying continued to nag at me.我怀疑她撒谎，这使我烦闷不已。形容词形式为：nagging爱唠叨的：a nagging mother爱唠叨的母亲。搭配nag sb. into doing sth.意为“向某人唠叨使其做某事”。

5．reign [rein] v. a） to be the king or queen of a country当政，统治：George VI reigned from 1936 to 1952.乔治六世1936年至1952年当政。b） to be the main feeling or quality in a situation支配，占统治地位：Silence reigned while we waited for news.等待消息期间，一阵静默。搭配under the reign意为“在…的统治下”。

6．groan [^rEun] v. a） to voice a deep, inarticulate sound, as of pain, grief or displeasure呻吟，哼着说：The wounded man lay there groaning, with no one to help him.伤者躺在那里呻吟着，没人去救他。b） to suffer受折磨，受苦：The people groaned under the load of taxes.人们在赋税的重压下受折磨。

7．beam [bi:m] v. a） to send out a line of light, heat, energy etc发出光与热：The sun beamed through the clouds.阳光穿越云层。b） to smile very happily微笑示意：He looked at his sons and beamed proudly.他望着自己的儿子，骄傲地微笑着。搭配beam on意为“对…微笑，对…广播”。

8．tug [tQ^] v. to pull with one or more short, quick pulls用力拉; 使劲拉; 猛扯,拖,拽：We tugged so hard that the rope broke.我们使劲地拉以至把绳子拉断了。