Sentence 3

英文原文：

One, set forth by Aristotle in the fourth century B.C., sees humans as naturally imitative—as taking pleasure in imitating persons, things, and actions and in seeing such imitations. Another, advanced in the twentieth century, suggests that humans have a gift for fantasy, through which they seek to reshape reality into more satisfying forms than those encountered in daily life.

TPO-1(2001.11.8): The Origins of Theater

本题全文及相应译文见免费共享资料“黄金阅读”

参考翻译：

（其中）一种理论由亚里士多德在公元前 4世纪提出，（该理论）将人们视为天生好模仿的——从模仿他人、事物和行为以及观看此类模仿中获得乐趣。另外一种（理论）在 20世纪被提出，（该理论）认为人类擅长幻想，通过幻想试图将现实重塑成比日常生活中遇到的情况更加令人满意的形式。

知识点小结：

1. 用于表示“提出某个理论、观点或建议”的两个词组——“set forth”和“advance”。此类同义词词组是需要大家学习、总结和积累的。

2.“see ... as”和“regard ... as”类似，意思都是“将……视为、看作”。

3. 词组“seek to do sth.”的意思是“试图、尝试去做某事”。

4. 词组“reshape A into B”的意思是“将 A重塑、改造为 B”。

此次翻译包括了上述几个关键词组，而它们都是大家平时写文章时可以使用的，大家不妨试试看。

与本次句子翻译相关的阅读题目：

In addition to exploring the possible antecedents of theater, scholars have also theorized about the motives that led people to develop theater. Why did theater develop, and why was it valued after it ceased to fulfill the function of ritual? Most answers fall back on the theories about the human mind and basic human needs. One, set forth by Aristotle in the fourth century B.C., sees humans as naturally imitative—as taking pleasure in imitating persons, things, and actions and in seeing such imitations. Another, advanced in the twentieth century, suggests that humans have a gift for fantasy, through which they seek to reshape reality into more satisfying forms than those encountered in daily life. Thus, fantasy or fiction (of which drama is one form) permits people to objectify their anxieties and fears, confront them, and fulfill their hopes in fiction if not fact. The theater, then, is one tool whereby people define and understand their world or escape from unpleasant realities.

All of following are mentioned in this paragraph as possible reasons that led societies to develop theater EXCEPT ______

A. Theater allows people to face what they are afraid of.

B. Theater gives an opportunity to imagine a better reality.

C. Theater is a way to enjoy imitating other people.

D. Theater provides people with the opportunity to better understand the human mind.

汉英翻译练习：

就我自己而言，我倾向于将旅游视作能够独享清净、可以与大自然亲密交流的时刻。每当此时，我都试图回顾以往、反省自己，然后为以后的生活做更佳的计划。

参考翻译：

As for me, I tend to view traveling as a moment when I can enjoy the solitude and communicate intimately with Mother Nature. During these moments, I would look back on the past and refl ect on the present, which would help me make better plans for the future.

请将以上句子扩充后的中文段落翻译成英文：

（1）尽管有导游的团体旅游似乎能更好地了解当地历史，也能在旅行的过程中受益于同伴的互助，但至少对我而言，这样的旅行很难尽兴沉浸于美景。（2）就我自己而言 ,我倾向于将旅游视作能够独享清净、可以与大自然亲密交流的时刻。（3）每当此时 ,我都试图回顾以往、反省自己 ,然后为以后的生活做更佳的计划。（4）举个例子来说，丽江可能是中国最有名气的度假古城，一个人去旅行将是一种美妙的脱离忙碌社会的经历；而若是一群人去丽江，则常常会最终演化成拍照之旅或是购买纪念品之旅。

大家想一想，该翻译练习是不是可以用到下面的托福写作中呢？

写作题目：

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

The best way to travel is in a group led by a tour guide.

——2008.1.2

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