第3章 引言市场与道德(3)

[3].Sam Dolnick，“World Outsources Pregnancies to India，”USA Today，December 31，2007；Amelia Gentleman，“India Nurtures Business of Surrogate Motherhood，”New York Times，March 10，2008.

[4].Eliot Brown，“Help Fund a Project，and Get a Green Card，”Wall Street Journal，February 2，2011；Sumathi Reddy，“Program Gives Investors Chance at Visa，”Wall Street Journal，June 7，2011.

[5].Brendan Borrell，“Saving the Rhino Through Sacrifice，”Bloomberg Businessweek，December 9，2010.

[6].Tom Murphy，“Patients Paying for Extra Time with Doctor：‘Concierge’Practices，Growing in Popularity，Raise Access Concerns，”Washington Post，January 24，2010；Paul Sullivan，“Putting Your Doctor，or a Whole Team of Them，on Retainer，”New York Times，April 30，2011.

[7].The current price in euros can be found at www.pointcarbon.com.

[8].Daniel Golden，“At Many Colleges，the Rich Kids Get Affirmative Action：Seeking Donors，Duke Courts ‘Development Admits，’”Wall Street Journal，February 20，2003.

[9].Andrew Adam Newman，“The Body as Billboard：Your Ad Here，”New York Times，February 18，2009.

[10].Carl Elliott，“Guinea-Pigging，”New Yorker，January 7，2008.

[11].Matthew Quirk，“Private Military Contractors：A Buyer’s Guide，”Atlantic，September 2004，p.39，quoting P.W.Singer；Mark Hemingway，“Warriors for Hire，Weekly Standard，December 18，2006；Jeffrey Gettleman，Mark Massetti，and Eric Schmitt，“U.S.Relies on Contractors in Somalia Conflict，”New York Times，August 10，2011.

[12].Sarah O’Connor，“Packed Agenda Proves Boon for Army Standing in Line，”Financial Times，October 13，2009；Lisa Lerer，“Waiting for Good Dough，”Politico，July 26，2007；Tara Palmeri，“Homeless Stand in for Lobbyists on Capitol Hill，”CNN，http：//edition.cnn.com/2009/POLITICS/07/13/line.standers/.

[13].Amanda Ripley，“Is Cash the Answer？”Time，April 19，2010，pp.44–45.

[14].In one weight-loss study，participants earned an average of $378.49for losing fourteen pounds over sixteen weeks.See Kevin G.Volpp，“Paying People to Lose Weight and Stop Smoking，”Issue Brief，Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics，University of Pennsylvania，vol.14，February 2009；K.G.Volpp et al.，“Financial Incentive–Based Approaches for Weight Loss，”JAMA 300(December 10，2008)：2631–37.

[15].Sophia Grene，“Securitising Life Policies Has Dangers，”Financial Times，August 2，2010；Mark Maremont and Leslie Scism，“Odds Skew Against Investors in Bets on Strangers’Lives，”Wall Street Journal，December 21，2010.

[16].T.Christian Miller，“Contractors Outnumber Troops in Iraq，”Los Angeles Times，July 4，2007；James Glanz，“Contractors Outnumber U.S.Troops in Afghanistan，”New York Times，September 2，2009.

[17].“Policing for Profit：Welcome to the New World of Private Security，”Economist，April 19，1997.

[18].I am indebted here to Elizabeth Anderson’s illuminating account in Value in Ethics and Economics (Cambridge，MA：Harvard University Press，1993).

[19].Edmund L.Andrews，“Greenspan Concedes Error on Regulation，”New York Times，October 24，2008.

[20].“What Went Wrong with Economics，”The Economist，July 16，2009.

[21].Frank Newport，“Americans Blame Government More Than Wall Street for Economy，Gallup Poll，October 19，2011，www.gallup.com/poll/150191/Americans-Blame-Gov-Wall-Street-Economy.aspx.

[22].William Douglas，“Occupy Wall Street Shares Roots with Tea Party Protesters—but Different Goals，”Miami Herald，October 19，2011；David S.Meyer，“What Occupy Wall Street Learned from the Tea Party，”Washington Post，October 7，2011；Dunstan Prial，“Occupy Wall Street，Tea Party Movements Both Born of Bank Bailouts，”Fox Business，October 20，2011，www.foxbusiness.com/markets/2011/10/19/occupy-wall-street-tea-party-born-bank-bailouts/.